Which of the following is a hazardous chemical associated with welding and cutting?

Welding and cutting processes can produce a variety of hazardous fumes and gases, and fluorides are among the chemicals of concern. Fluorides can be generated from the fluxes used in welding processes, particularly when materials are coated with fluxes that contain fluoride compounds. These substances can release harmful fumes that are hazardous to both the respiratory system and overall health, making exposure prevention crucial in environments where welding is performed.

The other options listed, while they may have specific safety concerns in certain industrial contexts, are not typically associated with the immediate hazards present in welding and cutting environments. Therefore, understanding the specific risks associated with welding and the chemicals involved is vital for ensuring safety and compliance with health regulations.